This study investigates how the structure of Swedish agriculture has developed compared to a number of competing countries (Denmark, Finland, Germany and the UK) and how structural variables such as company size, specialization and entrepreneurial activities affect agricultural efficiency.

The results show that structural change in Sweden has been slower than in competitor countries, and the development dynamics differ remarkably among different regions and types of production. The structure of dairy and pig farms has changed faster and these farms were also found to be the most efficient. Furthermore, the results show that very high specialization (for pig producers), farm size and entrepreneurial activity (for all orientations) increases efficiency.